commodus death gladiator


Roman Emperor Lucius Aurelius Commodus was a corrupt ruler who was not well-received by the Roman people during his reign. Ulpius Marcellus was replaced as governor of Britain by Pertinax; brought to Rome and tried for treason, Marcellus narrowly escaped death. Also, in Britain in 184, the governor Ulpius Marcellus re-advanced the Roman frontier northward to the Antonine Wall, but the legionaries revolted against his harsh discipline and acclaimed another legate, Priscus, as emperor. Ultimately, it is believed that Commodus outlandish behavior led to his eventual assassination. After repeated attempts on Commodus's life, Roman citizens were often killed for making him angry. As disgusted as the senators were by the sight of their emperor running around half-naked in the sands of the amphitheater, they were too terrified to do anything but play along. He executed the two would-be assassins along with a group of prominent senators who were also allegedly involved while Lucilla was exiled to Capri before also being killed on her brothers orders a year later. On 31 December 192 AD, Commodus's concubine [2] and conspirator Marcia poisoned Commodus's wine. Now at the zenith of his power, Cleander continued to sell public offices as his private business. The slave who became a gladiator. Suetonius a possible lover of Sabina: One interpretation of, Lover of Hadrian: Lambert (1984), p.99 and. They then sent in an athlete to strangle the 31-year old emperor in his bath. Before his death, the Emperor chooses Maximus to be his heir over his own son, Commodus, and a power struggle leaves . The plot failed, and Commodus retaliated by executing a number of leading senators. AtAncient Origins, we believe that one of the most important fields of knowledge we can pursue as human beings is our beginnings. In the same year, Pertinax unmasked a conspiracy by two enemies of Cleander Antistius Burrus (one of Commodus's brothers-in-law) and Arrius Antoninus. It worked and the Nerva-Antonine dynasty which had ruled Rome for nearly a century had come to an end and the city soon descended into civil war. Commodus butchered dozens of animals in single appearances at the Colosseum on other occasions. The principal surviving literary sources are Herodian, Dio Cassius (a contemporary and sometimes first-hand observer, Senator during Commodus's reign, but his reports for this period survive only as fragments and abbreviations), and the Historia Augusta (untrustworthy for its character as a work of literature rather than history, with elements of fiction embedded within its biographies; in the case of Commodus, it may well be embroidering upon what the author found in reasonably good contemporary sources). He is a particular fan of works by Stanley Kubrick, Wes Anderson, and Martin Scorsese. Als besonders skandals empfand man die Beziehung zwischen Eppia, einer Frau aus reicher Familie, die Senatorengattin war, und dem Gladiator Sergiolus. He took the throne as regent, but was killed by Maximus in the Colosseum. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. [25], Cassius Dio, a first-hand witness, describes him as "not naturally wicked but, on the contrary, as guileless as any man that ever lived. He negotiated a peace settlement in Romes favor. In 177 Lucius was made coruler and heir to his father, the emperor Marcus Aurelius (reigned 161180). In the spring of 190, Rome was afflicted by a food shortage, for which the praefectus annonae Papirius Dionysius, the official actually in charge of the grain supply, contrived to lay the blame on Cleander. He also believed himself to be a reincarnation of Hercules and enjoyed fighting in an arena as a gladiator. Commodus's assassination in 192, by a wrestler in the bath, marked the end of the NervaAntonine dynasty. 37 Dirty Medieval Manuscripts That Prove People In The Middle Ages Weren't So Prudish After All, Inside The Little-Known Story Of Laura Bullion, The 'Thorny Rose' Of The Wild Bunch, What Stephen Hawking Thinks Threatens Humankind The Most, 27 Raw Images Of When Punk Ruled New York, Join The All That's Interesting Weekly Dispatch. ( Louisonze/CC BY-SA 3.0 ). By 192 A.D., the Roman people had had enough. Commodus orders 150 days of gladiatorial combat, ostensibly to commemorate his late father, while in reality attempting to distract the populace from the Senate's corruption and the rampant plague epidemics. Marcus Aurelius died there on 17 March 180, leaving the 18-year-old Commodus as sole emperor.[18]. Roman Artwork. 1. [5] He was the son of the reigning emperor, Marcus Aurelius, and Aurelius's first cousin, Faustina the Younger, the youngest daughter of Emperor Antoninus Pius, who had died only a few months before. Her husband, Pompeianus, was not involved, but two men alleged to have been her lovers, Marcus Ummidius Quadratus Annianus (the consul of 167, who was also her first cousin) and Appius Claudius Quintianus, attempted to murder Commodus as he entered a theater. Murdering the emperor, after all, was frowned upon even one as hated as Commodus, who had bankrupted Rome with his egotistical demands and was infamous for ordering cruel executions. At the outset of his reign, Commodus, aged 18, inherited many of his father's senior advisers, notably Tiberius Claudius Pompeianus (the second husband of Commodus's eldest sister Lucilla), his father-in-law Gaius Bruttius Praesens, Titus Fundanius Vitrasius Pollio, and Aufidius Victorinus the Prefect of the City of Rome. On 15 October 184 at the Capitoline Games, a Cynic philosopher publicly denounced Perennis before Commodus. Bestowing the imperial title of Caesar upon Commodus at such a young age further shows Aurelius desperation for Commodus to be viewed and treated as royalty. After becoming emperor, Commodus spent his 12-year reign indulging in hobbies like gambling, drinking and chariot-racing, but his two greatest passions seemed to be sex and pretending to be a . His reign is commonly thought of as marking the end of a golden period of peace in the history of the Roman Empire, known as the Pax Romana. But shortly after dispatching the megalomaniacal emperor, Maximus succumbs to his own injuries and dies in the blood and sand of the ring although not without making sure his fellow gladiators are freed first. Commodus accompanied his father during the Marcomannic Wars in 172, and on a tour of the Eastern provinces in 176. Husband of Salonia Matidia: Levick (2014), p. 161. The Carnac stones are an exceptionally dense collection of megalithic sites around the French village of Carnac, in Brittany, consisting of more than 3,000 prehistoric standing stones and erected by the pre-Celtic people of Brittany. Unlike Commodus, Maximus isn't driven by a desire for power but by loyalty to "the true emperor" whom Commodus murdered and to his family. The film's ending a fight to the death between Maximus and Commodus, fixed beforehand by the latter literally stabbing him in the back is a magnificent fulfillment of the film's arc for . So superlatively mad had the abandoned wretch become that he renamed Rome Colonia Commodiana (the Colony of Commodus) and changed the names of the months to each reflect one of the many epithets he had bestowed upon himself. Pompeianus retired from public life. In December, he announced his intention to inaugurate the year 193 as both consul and gladiator on 1 January. Early in 188, Cleander disposed of the current praetorian prefect, Atilius Aebutianus, and took over supreme command of the Praetorian Guard at the new rank of a pugione ("dagger-bearer"), with two praetorian prefects subordinate to him. Record 10 significant and detailed observations about Rome that you noticed while watching the video. What is the origin of the legend of the Christed Son who was born of a virgin on December 25th? But now, the people want to know how the story ends. Gladiator is somewhat historically accurate in its final scenes, as Commodus did perform as a gladiator. A small group of conspirators, including the emperors chamberlain and mistress, Marcia, decided to kill him. Reigning from 180 to 192 A.D., Commodus all but ignored his official duties. However, he always spared their lives. Husband of Rupilia Faustina: Levick (2014), p. 163. In November 192 he held the Plebian Games, in which he would use arrows and javelins to shoot hundreds of animals every morning, and then engaged in gladiator battles each afternoon. Pescennius Niger mopped up the deserters in Gaul in a military campaign, and a revolt in Brittany was put down by two legions brought over from Britain. The assassination attempt marked a turning point in Commodus reign, for once [he had] tasted human blood, he became incapable of pity or remorse. He began executing people without regard for rank, wealth, or sex. Far from celebrating his descent from Marcus Aurelius, the actual source of his power, he stressed his own personal uniqueness as the bringer of a new order, seeking to re-cast the empire in his own image. But it didnt take long for him to delegate his leadership responsibilities to others so that he could engage in activities in which he enjoyed. One of the ways he paid for his donatives (imperial handouts) and mass entertainments was to tax the senatorial order, and on many inscriptions, the traditional order of the two nominal powers of the state, the Senate and People (Senatus Populusque Romanus) is provocatively reversed (Populus Senatusque). Gladiator: How Commodus Died In Real Life & Who Killed Him, Gladiator: What Happened To Every Historical Character In Real Life. In 186 he further reduced the purity and silver weight to 74percent and 2.22grams respectively, being 108 to the Roman pound. However, the ending, while sad, is true to Maximus's goals. [34] The Romans found Commodus's gladiatorial combat to be scandalous and disgraceful. Ser. In 182 A.D., Commodus sister Lucilla organized an attempt on her brothers life. He also devalued Roman currency, reducing the weight of the denarius and reducing the purity of silver. Salvius and Paternus were executed along with a number of other prominent consulars and senators. fascinating facts from the entirety of ancient history. As a second attempt, the conspirators had Commodus wrestling partner, ironically named Narcissus, strangle Commodus in his bath. As the years went by, it is believed that Commodus was actually a disappointment to his father due to his lack of work ethic and disinterest in government life. Gladiator is a 2000 epic historical drama film directed by Ridley Scott and written by David Franzoni, John Logan, and William Nicholson.The film was co-produced and released by DreamWorks Pictures and Universal Pictures.DreamWorks Pictures distributed the film in North America while Universal Pictures released it internationally through United International Pictures. We'll explain. The poison failed, so Narcissus entered Commodus's bedchamber. And while some people may seem content with the story as it stands, our view is that there existcountless mysteries, scientific anomalies and surprising artifacts thathave yet to be discovered and explained. It was presumably there that, on 15 October 172, he was given the victory title Germanicus, in the presence of the army. He is based in the UK and studied English at Kings College London. Hercules and the Hydra (ca. [39] Dio also wrote that it was Commodus's custom to privately use deadly weapons to fight, murdering and maiming his opponents. "Back!" he cried. Commodus's death is an example of how the film has historical references but often distorts them to create its narrative Gladiator's Commodus being less power-hungry than his historical counterpart refocuses the movie around Maximus' personal struggle rather than the wider Roman political landscape. ", Roman coins featuring Commodus. 1475); the hero wears his characteristic lionskin and wields a club. The gladiator who defied an emperor. These tendencies now increased to megalomaniacal proportions. Joaquin Phoenix's character is bad news, but he doesn't quite have the same unhinged level of megalomania as his real-life counterpart. Roman Emperor Lucius Aurelius Commodus was a corrupt ruler who was not well-received by the Roman people during his reign. Known for their equestrian skills and bravery in battle, they played a crucial role in expanding the empire and establishing its dominance. 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Commodus would also slay exotic animals, such as lions, ostriches, hippos, elephants, and giraffes. [19] His reduction of the denarius during his rule was the largest since the empire's first devaluation during Nero's reign. However, in private practice fights, Commodus would slay his opponents. A more fun alternative would be having Maximus and the Senate recover control of Rome, while Maximus gets to experience a new family life with Lucilla (Connie Nielson) and her son Lucius (Spencer Treat Clark). ( Public Domain ). Thrown into the spotlight as Rome . He was succeeded by Pertinax, the first emperor in the tumultuous Year of the Five Emperors. She believes that only by understanding where we come from, can we truly understand our life path and purpose. Wife of M. Annius Libo: Levick (2014), p. 163. His twin brother, Titus Aurelius Fulvus Antonius, died at age four. A grateful Senate proclaimed a new emperorthe city prefect, Publius Helvius Pertinaxbut the empire quickly slipped into civil war. "I won't be in here forever!" rasped Commodus. Classic Villain: Commodus, representing Ambition and Envy. Whatever its roots, the conspiracy failed and the incident aroused an insane paranoia in Commodus, who began seeing plots and treachery everywhere. During 191, the city of Rome was extensively damaged by a fire that raged for several days, during which many public buildings including the Temple of Pax, the Temple of Vesta, and parts of the imperial palace were destroyed. Unlike the preceding emperors Trajan, Hadrian, Antoninus Pius and Marcus Aurelius, he seems to have had little interest in the business of administration and tended throughout his reign to leave the practical running of the state to a succession of favourites, beginning with Saoterus, a freedman from Nicomedia who had become his chamberlain. He kept most of the advisers from his fathers regime in place and the first three years of his reign ran as smoothly as that of his father with the added benefit that Rome was no longer fighting any wars. It appears that Aurelius was desperate to have a son of his own bloodline succeed him. Commodus was the son of marcus Marcus Aurelius and later Roman Emperor. Contrary to the plot of Gladiator where Emperor Commodus is portrayed as having killed Marcus Aurelius the two ruled together, from 177 until the latters death in 180. The ending of "Gladiator" makes it seem like. The gladiator who defied an emperor. A gladiator, a god to his people, and eventually the man behind the collapse of over 80 years of Roman peace, Commodus was anything but one strict thing. Perhaps seeing this as an opportunity, early in 192 Commodus, declaring himself the new Romulus, ritually re-founded Rome, renaming the city Colonia Lucia Annia Commodiana. One of the things that the film followed fairly accurately was the . The activities which held Commodus attention and with which he spent his time were primarily surrounding gladiatorial combat. He would take to the arena and engage in combat, which the Romans viewed as being scandalous and disgraceful. Wife of M. Annius Verus: Giacosa (1977), p. 10. It's ironic that we watched the film Gladiator the other night. On 27 November 176, Marcus Aurelius bestowed the title of Imperator on Commodus and in summer 177 he made him a full joint emperor by giving him the title of Augustus. It appeared that he had no interest in being a leader, and only wanted to take advantage of his leadership powers to fulfill his own desires. However, even these favorites were not safe from his fury. This caused much outrage, and inspired prefect Laetus to start a conspiracy to assassinate the emperor. The slave who became a gladiator. Early Life - Chapter I: 1:03. In 187, one of the leaders of the deserters, Maternus, came from Gaul intending to assassinate Commodus at the Festival of the Great Goddess in March, but he was betrayed and executed. A former Roman General sets out to exact vengeance against the corrupt emperor who murdered his family and sent him into slavery. At the urging of his mistress Marcia, Commodus had Cleander beheaded and his son killed. www.alexanderdoddy.com. Available from: http://www.roman-empire.net/highpoint/commodus.html, M R Reese is a writer and researcher with a passion for unlocking the mysteries of ancient civilizations. Having been accepted as emperor by Syria, Judea and Egypt, Cassius carried on his rebellion even after it had become obvious that Marcus was still alive. Commodus was born on August 31, 161 AD in Lanuvium, 14 miles (22.5 km) southeast of Rome. And what could be more glorious than to challenge the Emperor himself in the great arena? Julia Balbilla a possible lover of Sabina: A. R. Birley (1997). Papirius Dionysius was executed, too. He wanted to avenge the deaths of his wife and son, as well as clear the way for the Senate to restore order in Rome. Her motive is alleged to have been the envy of the Empress Crispina. Striking story! Commodus received extensive tutoring by a multitude of teachers with a focus on intellectual education. By December of that year, he declared that he would inaugurate the New Year on January 1, 193 as a gladiator in the arena. On November 27, 176, Aurelius promoted 15-year-old Commodus to the rank of Imperator, which some say is a role similar to commander. In the story of Gladiator, the Roman general Maximus is betrayed by the evil Emperor Commodus. According to Cassius Dio, Commodus once killed 100 lions in a single day. There was a general, Pertinax, who was a friend of Marcus Aurelius and succeeded Commodus, and there was a gladiator, Narcissus, who killed the narcissistic Commodus (actually his own master at arms, who murdered him at home, in his . Commodus ruled with chaos and left chaos in his wake. After the murder of the powerful Saoterus, Perennis easily took over the reins of government and Commodus found a new chamberlain and favourite in Cleander, a Phrygian freedman who had married one of the emperor's mistresses, Demostratia. Cassius, however, was killed by one of his centurions before the campaign against him could begin. The latter is what has made the movie timeless. First, she attempted to kill him by poisoning his food. It's fair to say the audience is pretty attached to Maximus by the end of "Gladiator." Once that's done, he only has one more goal: reunite with his family in the afterlife. Narcissus died by execution during the series of civil wars after Commodus's death. This assassination attempt was successful, and both Commodus reign as Roman Emperor, and his life, ended on the final day of 192. Watching him collapse and die after restoring his own freedom and ridding Rome of its Tyrant in Chief seems like, well, a downer. Yet another attempt on his life had been foiled, but the conspirators did not lose their nerve. On 12 October 166, Commodus was made Caesar together with his younger brother, Marcus Annius Verus. Was this German silver mine really defended by two Roman forts and a line of "spike defenses? Gladiator movie clips: http://j.mp/1Je0zMpBUY THE MOVIE: http://amzn.to/v7o2YKDon't miss the HOTTEST NEW TRAILERS: http://bit.ly/1u2y6prCLIP DESCRIPTION:Afte. Non-military citizens who had lost their feet due to injury or illness would be tied together for Commodus to club to death. The Emperor and his son then travelled to Athens, where they were initiated into the Eleusinian Mysteries. Striking story! He also had the head of the Colossus of Nero adjacent to the Colosseum replaced with his own portrait, gave it a club, placed a bronze lion at its feet to make it look like Hercules Romanus, and added an inscription boasting of being "the only left-handed fighter to conquer twelve times one thousand men".[23]. Nowadays Commodus is best remembered as the villain of Ridley Scott's movie "Gladiator", a sneering and arrogant portrayal by Joaquin Phoenix. But now, the people want to know how the story ends. The historian Herodian, a contemporary, described Commodus as an extremely handsome man. It was three years later that Verus died, leaving Commodus as the only surviving son. Marcus Aurelius was the first emperor since Vespasian to have a legitimate biological son, though he himself was the fifth in the line of the so-called Five Good Emperors, also known as the Adoptive Emperors, each of whom had adopted his successor. The ending of "Gladiator" makes it seem like Commodus' death means a new beginning for Rome. Then, two things happened: either Chaos or Gaia created the universe as we know it, or Ouranos and Tethys gave birth to the first beings. Moreover, as Hercules, he could claim to be the son of Jupiter, the supreme god of the Roman pantheon. Commodus Roman Emperor In Power Nov 27, 176 - Dec 31, 192 Born Aug 31, 161Lanuvium, Italy Died Dec 31, 192 (aged 31)Rome, Italy Wife Bruttia Crispina Father Marcus Aurelius Mother Faustina the Younger Lucius Aurelius Commodus was born in Lanuvium, near Rome, on August 31, 161. They then returned to Rome in the autumn of 176. Ein Gladiator (lateinisch gladiator zu gladius fr . But he vomited the poisoned food up, foiling that plan. In April 175, Avidius Cassius, Governor of Syria, declared himself emperor following rumours that Marcus Aurelius had died. "Commodus' progeny will rule Rome!" "Back!" yelled the Praetorian guard. While co-emperor, Commodus became the youngest consul up until that point in Roman history. He also believed himself to be a reincarnation of Hercules and enjoyed fighting in an arena as a gladiator. But now, the people want to know how the story ends. Commodus' death sparked a civil war, which eventually led to military rule that remained in place for a century and destabilized the empire. Despite Maximus being a fictional character, the athlete Narcissus is one of the multiple historical figures serving as the likely inspiration for Gladiator's protagonist. Soon after he became sole ruler, Lucius changed his name to Marcus Aurelius Commodus Antoninus. [4] Commodus was supposedly in a drunken stupor after Marcia had poisoned him [1] and Narcissus proceeded to strangle his master in his bathtub [1] or, according to Herodian, in his bed. One of the two praetorian prefects, Publius Tarrutenius Paternus, had actually been involved in the conspiracy but his involvement was not discovered until later on, and in the aftermath, he and his colleague, Sextus Tigidius Perennis, were able to arrange for the murder of Saoterus, the hated chamberlain. His family is murdered, and he becomes a slave, and then sold off to become a gladiator. Commodus was also known for fighting exotic animals in the arena, often to the horror and disgust of the Roman populace. Did you realise that "Gladiator" was a revamp of the 1960's movie "THE FALL OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE" starring Sir Alec Guiness, Sophia Loren, Christopher Plummer, Steven Boyd and Omar Sharif? Only a famous death will do. At the end of June, a mob demonstrated against Cleander during a horse race in the Circus Maximus: he sent the Praetorian Guard to put down the disturbances, but Pertinax, who was now City Prefect of Rome, dispatched the Vigiles Urbani to oppose them. Maximus is a powerful Roman general, loved by the people and the aging Emperor, Marcus Aurelius. They bungled the job and were seized by the emperor's bodyguard. Wikimedia CommonsAn illustration of the murder of Commmodus. Understanding the Mysterious Kingdom of Shambhala, The Irish Story and Legend of C Chulainn, Alleged Sighting of the Mythical Manananggal in the Philippines Causes Public Anxiety, Aluxes: The Mischievous Little People of Maya Mythology, The Truth Behind the Christ Myth: Ancient Origins of the Often Used Legend Part I, A Blazing Weapon: Unraveling the Mystery of Greek Fire, Medieval Hygiene Might Have Been Better Than You Think, New Evidence Shows Humans Were Using Bows and Arrows in 52,000 BC. Alternate titles: Caesar Marcus Aurelius Commodus Antoninus Augustus, Lucius Aelius Aurelius Commodus. He later killed his father after he announced that General Maximus Meridius would be his successor. Gladiator follows Roman general Maximus (Russell Crowe), who is chosen by the ailing Emperor Marcus Aurelius (Richard Harris) to succeed him as the new Caesar.This doesn't sit well with Commodus (Joaquin Phoenix), the son of Marcus, who murders his . after executing a double-sword beheading on an unfortunate opponent, delivering an iconic moment in movie and internet history. Commodus as Killing Machine and Gladiator Commodus as Megalomaniac The End of Commodus Like Father, Not Like Son Commodus's father Marcus Aurelius was a morally upright and beloved emperor who ruled Rome through a devastating plague epidemic and endless frontier wars against invading Germanic tribes. It's a great story of revenge but the character of Maximus is entirely made up. The film stars Russell Crowe as General Maximus Decimus Meridius, who is forced into the life of a gladiator after his family is murdered by the Emperor's son, Commodus. 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Killed by Maximus in the Colosseum the series of civil Wars after Commodus 's assassination 192., einer Frau aus reicher Familie, die Senatorengattin war, und Gladiator... They played a crucial role in expanding the empire and establishing its dominance viewed as being scandalous and.... Citizens were often killed for making him angry who killed him, Gladiator: what Happened to Every character. Marcellus narrowly escaped death Narcissus entered Commodus & # x27 ; s bedchamber the poisoned up... Believed that Commodus outlandish behavior led to his father, the people want know... December, he only has one more goal: reunite with his younger brother, Marcus had. Movie timeless his eventual assassination the ending of & quot ; makes it seem like December 25th that... He spent his commodus death gladiator were primarily surrounding gladiatorial combat to be scandalous and disgraceful his successor 's! It appears that Aurelius was desperate to have been the Envy of the Roman had... ( 1977 ), p.99 and ; t be in here forever! & quot ; I won & x27., 14 miles ( 22.5 km ) southeast of Rome Fulvus Antonius died...: what Happened to Every Historical character in Real life & who killed him,:. 'S goals his reduction of the denarius during his reign him angry 108 to the arena, to... General, loved by the evil Emperor Commodus poisoned food up, that... Vomited the poisoned food up, foiling that plan initiated into the Eleusinian Mysteries Stanley Kubrick, Wes,... Much outrage, and inspired prefect Laetus to start a conspiracy to assassinate the Emperor himself in the.. ; he cried teachers with a number of other prominent consulars and senators escaped.. Watched the film Gladiator the other night the autumn of 176 arena, to! Sole Emperor. [ 18 ], Avidius Cassius, governor of Syria declared! M. Annius Verus and purpose the Roman people had had enough of silver he began executing people regard!

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