Find more gardening information on Gardening Know How: Keep up to date with all that's happening in and around the garden. Family Cornaceae (Dogwood Family). Avoid over-fertilizing your dogwood plantsit can cause the leaves to burn or can even kill the plant. The petal clusters of other dogwood varieties are bigger and more open. Native to California and Oregon, the brown Dogwood is also known as western cornel or smooth Dogwood. Walter Dogwood is a medium-sized deciduous tree with a height and breadth of 30 to 40 feet. The Cornelian cherry dogwood is a medium sized deciduous landscaping tree. This tree starts flowering 2 to 3 days after C. florida has stopped flowering. Nonpoisonous Berries. The wood is often used in carving and other types of woodworking. This attractive smooth bark gives mature trees a camouflage look. She grew up surrounded by constant home improvement projects and owes most of what she knows to helping her dad renovate her childhood home. The tree is also known as red and white dogwood, and yellow dogwood. You will likely need to prune common dogwood yearly (or perhaps even more) to keep it in check, as it can spread. 'Magic Flame' The 15 types of Dogwood trees include: Though, you are not limited to just these options. The stiff Dogwood grows best in full sun to partial shade and can reach a total height of between 15 and 25 feet. The trees perform best in full sun or partial shade, growing in organically-rich, well-drained soil. For treatment of the . Dogwood trees with red berries are small to medium, beautiful, deciduous trees, some of which produce tasty fruit. Large areas of the Asian continent are home to the Kousa dogwood tree, particularly in China, Japan, and Korea. This dogwood variety is an excellent choice for an area that receives afternoon shade and has acidic soil. The mountain dogwood, or Pacific dogwood, is a moderately-sized deciduous tree with excellent tolerance for dry, drought conditions and shady locations. There are approximately 17 dogwood varieties that are native to North America. Dogwood berries are a favorite food source for at least 36 different bird species. Zones: 4-8. Red-osier dogwood berries are used by 95 different bird species. To grow the shrub-like tree as a single-stemmed specimen, youll need to remove suckers regularly to prevent producing a dogwood shrub. Dogwood . If youre going to plant near a patio, flowering dogwood may be a better choice because the kousas berries create a litter problem. Dogwood is used to treat headaches, weariness, fever, and diarrhea that wont go away. Besides beautiful foliage, this one offers bird-pleasing berries, exceptional fall color and striking red stems in the winter. Dogwoods are among the most beautiful trees found in American landscapes, but not all types are suitable for the garden. Left to right: Fruits of Cornus mas, C. alba 'Sibirica', C. kousa, and C. sanguinea) Dogwoods trees produce berry-like fruit in various colors, shapes and sizes. Red Twig DogwoodZone: 2 - 8. Their white blossoms appear in the spring, while the red berries appear in the fall. Family Cornaceae (Dogwood Family). . The plant generally does best in moist conditions but can also have excellent tolerance for drier conditions once established. Cornelian cherry cultivation is suited to USDA zones 4 through 8. Cornus, the genus that Dogwoods belong to, is comprised of approximately 60 woody plant species of the family Cornaceae. The drupes are red and shiny with smooth skin. Unfortunately, the berries found on some dogwood variants are not considered edible, and some are even regarded as poisonous. Up the impact by pairing with yellow twig varieties. This plant is one of the few dogwoods that feature foliage that is arranged alternately rather than in opposing positions on the stems. Then, the white starry blossoms appear en masse, covering the tree in brightly-colored flowers. And they typically have a slightly wavy margin. Do not eat the fruit of this plant, as it is considered mildly toxic. In general, it takes a dogwood tree about five to seven years before it is ready and matures enough to flower. This is another Cornus species that may do well in your shadier spots, though there will be more flowers and fruit if it is planted in a location that receives full sunlight. University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture Research and Extension. There isnt enough scientific evidence to know what the safe dose range is for American dogwood currently. The berries are edible to birds but should not be consumed by humans. European Atlas of Forest Tree Species. The brown Dogwood will grow up to four feet in poor conditions and approximately ten feet in moist, shaded areas. Descriptions and pictures of the deciduous trees red fruit, leaves, and bark will help you recognize red-berry-producing dogwood trees in the landscape. While there are 17 types of dogwoods native to North America, the following 12 varieties are most commonly found. They are edible for humans and are most commonly used in recipes for jams and syrups. Common Types of Dogwood Trees With Red Berries The three common types of dogwood trees producing red berries are the kousa dogwood, Cornelian cherry dogwood, and the flowering dogwood tree. The bark is smooth, dark green, and streaky; eventually turning light brown with narrow fissures. There are 17 types of species of dogwood trees out there and we will cover them all in this section. Dogwood berries are an edible fruit. Some individuals also report skin rashes when coming into contact with the bark or leaves of dogwoods. Youll often find this plant growing in marshes, swamps, streambanks, and various upland locations. Root rots and canker disease can occur when conditions are too moist. If youre in search of Dogwood that isnt going to take up much space in your garden, the Canadian bunchberry is an excellent choice. This is another type of Dogwood that does particularly well in shadier areas, though you can enjoy more blooms and berries if you decide to plant it in a location that receives full direct sunlight. You can find out more about our use, change your default settings, and withdraw your consent at any time with effect for the future by visiting Cookies Settings, which can also be found in the footer of the site. It will tolerate full sun, though it can become very densely branched. The landscaping tree is hardy in USDA zones 5 through 9. Dogwood trees are slow-growing plants. Those in full sun are shorter with better leaf color, especially in the fall. Some people also report skin rashes from contact with the leaves and bark of dogwoods. The berries are popular with birds, but if they remain uneaten, they will stay hanging from the tree right through to fall. In fall, the foliage becomes a mix of yellow and maroon. The foliage of this dogwood is green through summer and warms up to shades of orange, yellow, and red in fall. @2020 - All Right Reserved. A member of the Swida subspecies, the fruit of this dogwood shrub is not toxic but has an unpleasant taste. The giant Dogwood grows best in the sun to partial shade and moist, well-drained soil. Though with this type, the white blooms are much larger, and the fall foliage is a red, orange, or yellow color. The oval leaves are about 4 inches long, and the fruits turn cherry red in mid-summer. Weve gathered a list of 15 different types of dogwood trees and shrubs to help determine which is best for your garden. Silky hairs cover the leaves and twigs. Stiff Dogwood 17. Apart from its red berries, the bark is the other identifying feature of flowering dogwood trees. You can grow it as a small tree or a tall, multi-stemmed shrub. The most familiar and common of all is the flowering Dogwood because of its vibrancy. Kousa dogwood produces its showy red berries early in August. Dense clusters of tiny yellow flowers appear at the end of bare branches towards the end of winter or early in spring, bringing a much-needed shock of color to the landscape. The landscaping appeal of the kousa dogwood is thanks to its dark green foliage turning red in the fall, a canopy of layered branches, and mottled tan and gray bark. However, you should consider the professional opinion to correctly identify different dogwood species and speak with your physician before attempting alternative treatments. They mature to about 30 feet tall x 30 feet wide (their width and height are roughly equal at maturity) once they reach 20-30 years old. It grows best in full sun to partial shade, approximately six hours of sunlight a day. The small fruits are bright orange or red. There are many types of poisonous berries in North America, and some of them look similar to edible berries. Canadian bunchberry The Canadian bunchberry (Cornus canadensis) is well known in some areas in Canada for a number of different reasons, including being 1 of the 2 only sub scrubs in the dogwood tree family. Copyright 2023. What Are The Pros And Cons Of Royal Empress Trees. The Silky Dogwood is endemic to the United States central and eastern regions and sections of Canada. The clusters of shiny berries can remain on the tree for several months, unless they are ravished by birds. In most cases, common dogwoods must be pruned annually (and sometimes even more frequently). Its leaves are elliptical to oval in shape, and dull white flowers in late spring give way to the blue-black fruit in August. Young plants may have attractive red stems, but this sometimes fades to dull green in mature plants. This tree grows well in moist, well-draining soil and prefers a partially shaded spot beneath the shelter of taller trees or buildings. The bright pink to red, sometimes orange berries look like large individual cherries. Red twig dogwood shrubs grow 6 to 8 feet tall. Cornelian cherry dogwood is another name for this berry, and it creates clusters of tiny yellow flowers. Edible dogwood berries variants include Kousa, Canadian Bunchberry, and Cornelian Cherry. Although they have not been studied for street tree usage in the United States, the branches are likely to droop less than most other Dogwoods, making it a suitable option for street tree use. Their lush, green leaves begin to transform to a deep red color in the fall, and they start to produce fruit. Though, the plants fall foliage is an appealing red or purple color. Well-balanced soils may not require any fertilizing at all; however, where soils are lacking in nutrients, use a slow-release fertilizer with the correct balance for dogwoods. Common name: dogwood Scientific name: Cornus sanguinea Family: Cornaceae Origin: native Dogwood is a small broadleaf shrub, typically found growing along woodland edges and in hedgerows of southern England. It's a kind of shrub that grows multiple stems. The Kousa dogwood flowers heavily in spring, with clusters of star-shaped, compact yellow-green flowers that give way to spherical berries in the summer in shades of orange, red, and pink. Most people avoid eating unripe dogwood berries because of their acrid flavor. Do not confuse dogwood with Jamaican dogwood, a medicinal plant with soothing qualities that can be found throughout the Caribbean and Latin America. These are also known to bloom dull-white by the end of Spring, and they have both elliptical and oval leaves. It isnt considered a tree but rather a surculose shrub. The whitish flowers are not very significant, but the white drupe/berries are attractive to birds. Found in the eastern US in fall and winter, these dark red berries (with small, brown tips at the end), usually come in small clusters. Others can be purple-black or white. Cornelian cherry dogwood is another name for this berry, and it creates clusters of tiny yellow flowers. Additionally, kousa dogwoods produce red berries 0.78 to 1.1 (2 3 cm) across. Silky and red osier dogwoods are especially tolerant of consistently moist soil. In springtime, the Kousa dogwood produces an abundance of yellow-green flowers and pinkish-red fruit in summer. Before you plant this type of plant, make sure to check your local regulations, as it may be discouraged. In summer, the bright green foliage creates a canopy that can be used for shade, and red-orange berries arrive, which adds a vibrant contrast of color. By winter, the foliage will have dropped from the tree, revealing the trunk and branches with mottled gray bark, which exfoliates to reveal areas of tan. This adaptable plant is winter hardy to -25 to -30 degrees F. (-31 to -34 C.). The flaky scales on the dogwood bark are revealed when the bark exfoliates, leaving pale brown patches underneath. Lilac Tree: Care and Growing Guide (with Pictures), Black Tupelo Tree: Leaves, Bark (Pictures) - Identification and Care Guide, Types of Cherry Blossom Trees (With Japanese Cherry Blossom Pictures), Types of Magnolia Trees and Shrubs with Their Flowers and Leaves - Identification (Pictures), Types of Dogwood Trees with Red Berries Identification Guide (With Pictures), Dogwood Trees and Shrubs Identification. Once they fall to the ground, they can create some havoc with playtime activities. The most common dogwood tree with red berries is the kousa dogwood. It is an evergreen, ornamental flowering tree that produces white flowers in the summer. Cornelian Cherry Dogwood 5. The most common type of dogwood is the white dogwood, which is native to the eastern half of North America. Dogwood roots are used to make red, yellow, and black colors by boiling them. Some of the types of Dogwood you can grow in your garden are: 1. Giant Dogwood 7. The white dogwood is the one that has edible berries. Some dogwood berries look like bright scarlet-red grape-like fruits growing in tight clusters. The dark-green leaves are lance-shaped and turn purplish-red in the fall. Its leaves form in clusters, and the cream-colored blooms thoroughly cover the plants branches. By fall, the leaves turn a deep shade of red-purple before dropping to the ground. Canadian Bunchberry 3. Pruning the tree every two years after the flowers' color fades will help keep it small. Each year, the gray Dogwood will have a fresh, new orange-brown bark. The kousa dogwood thrives in USDA zones 5 through 8. There is some fungus you need to watch out for as well as insects: Jessica considers herself a home improvement and design enthusiast. Dogwood trees are a type of deciduous flowering tree which produce berries that are notoriously popular as a food source for birds. Like flowering dogwood, this plant is quite susceptible to dogwood anthracnose disease; check with local authorities before planting it, as it may be discouraged. Plant where dramatic red stems can easily be viewed from a window! They can grow to reach about 20 feet tall with a 12-inch wide trunk. Though, when pruned correctly, it can serve as a small tree. Designed and Developed by iupilon.com, This website uses cookies to improve your experience. The berries of the Flowering Dogwood, on the other hand, start to ripen in October just as songbirds need them to fuel their migration. Dogwood Berries - Cornus Kousa - YouTube The fruit of the Korean Dogwood - Cornus Kousa - is edible! 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